In recent years, many models for base station power con-sumption have been proposed in the literature. The work in proposed a widely used power consumption model, which explicitly shows the linear relationship between the power transmitted by the BS and its consumed power.
This study presents an overview of sustainable and green cellular base stations (BSs), which account for most of the energy consumed in cellular networks. We review the architecture of the BS and the power consumption model, and then summarize the trends in green cellular network research over the past decade.
Furthermore, the base stations dominate the energy consumption of the radio access network. Therefore, it is reasonable to focus on the power consumption of the base stations first, while other aspects such as virtualization of compute in the 5G core or the energy consumption of user equipment should be considered at a later stage.
As the main components are common to most of the models, they can be easily combined to form a new model. Most of the base station power models are based on measurements of LTE (4G) hardware or theoretical assumptions. For the more recent models, based on measurements of 5G hardware, the parameter values are not publicly available.
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Energy efficiency and renewable energy are the main pillars of sustainability and environmental compatibility. This study presents an overview of sustainable and green cellular …
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Reference signal power = 40-10 x log10 (130x12) = 40 - 31.93 Reference signal power = 8.07dBm II.the total transmit power of 5G (NR) base station The calculation needs to …
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In this chapter, we consider the problem of power management for BSs with a renewable power source in a smart grid environment. In Section 10.2, we first provide an …
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The study was made with data from base stations in the China Telecom network. The results found that by using neural networks to predict the energy consumption of the base stations, …
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5g base station is composed of BBU and AAU. One base station is configured with one operator''s three cells (1 BBU + 3 AAU). Assuming that the power consumption of 5g BBU …
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This Page provides information about 5G NR Throughput calculator. Сalculator allows to calculate the maximum throughput of 5G NR network for user (depending on his …
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Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) is a crucial metric in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks, providing information about the …
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However, there is still a need to understand the power consumption behavior of state-of-the-art base station architectures, such as multi-carrier active antenna units (AAUs), …
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The focus is on smaller cell infrastructure and the need for optimization in terms of connection, communication, and power. The solutions include reconfiguring flow paths, …
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Reference signal power = 40-10 x log10 (130x12) = 40 - 31.93 Reference signal power = 8.07dBm II.the total transmit power of 5G (NR) …
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This paper proposes a power control algorithm based on energy efficiency, which combines cell breathing technology and base station sleep technology to reduce base station …
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The impact of the Base Stations comes from the combination of the power consumption of the equipment itself (up to 1500 Watts for a nowadays macro base station) …
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The link budget looks at the elements that will determine the signal strength arriving at the receiver. it is necessary to calculate link budget in the complete design of radio …
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The work in [26] presents an assessment of the environmental impacts associated with mobile networks in Germany. Power consumption models for base stations are briefly …
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To further explore the energy-saving potential of 5 G base stations, this paper proposes an energy-saving operation model for 5 G base stations that incorporates …
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To address the issue of how to maximize renewable power utilization, a dual power supply strategy for green base station is proposed in this article. The strategy consists of Grid …
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Fig. 1 highlights the relative power consumption of various components and operational aspects of a base station (BS) [6]. In this figure, the total power consumption of …
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